> ## Documentation Index
> Fetch the complete documentation index at: https://docs.iotools.cloud/llms.txt
> Use this file to discover all available pages before exploring further.

# VO2 Max Estimator Calculator

> Estimate your VO₂ max (maximal oxygen uptake, ml/kg/min) from a Cooper 12-minute run, a 1.5-mile run, a YMCA 3-minute step test, or your resting heart rate (Uth–Sørensen). Also shows your fitness category by age and sex plus five heart-rate training zones.

[Try VO2 Max Estimator Calculator in your browser →](https://iotools.cloud/tool/vo2-max-estimator-calculator/)



## OpenAPI

````yaml https://api.iotools.cloud/v1/openapi post /v1/tool/vo2-max-estimator-calculator
openapi: 3.1.0
info:
  title: iotools.cloud API
  version: 1.0.0
  description: >-
    Run any iotools.cloud tool over HTTP.


    Authenticate with `Authorization: Bearer iot_live_…`.


    **Only `POST /v1/tool/{slug}` costs credits.** Every GET here — the catalog,
    a tool's schema, your balance — is free. A tool call is charged its own
    weight or your plan's per-call minimum, whichever is larger;
    `x-iotools-credit-cost` on each operation is quoted at the free-tier
    minimum, and `GET /v1/tools/list` returns the exact figure for your key.
    `GET /v1/me/credits` reports what you have left, and `GET /v1/me/usage`
    reports what it went on.


    Failures are RFC 9457 problem documents — branch on `code`.
servers:
  - url: https://api.iotools.cloud
    description: Production
security:
  - bearerAuth: []
tags:
  - name: Catalog
    description: Find a tool and read its contract. Free.
  - name: Converters
    description: >-
      Convert between formats, encodings, and units — Base64, CSV and JSON,
      timestamps, and more. Fast, free, and processed right in your browser.
  - name: Formatters
    description: >-
      Format, beautify, minify, and validate code and data — JSON, HTML, CSS,
      SQL, and regex. Clean up messy input in one click, with nothing to upload.
  - name: Generators
    description: >-
      Generate exactly what you need and on demand — passwords, UUIDs, QR codes,
      hashes, random numbers, and more. Secure, instant, and free.
  - name: Calculators
    description: >-
      Crunch the numbers fast — from everyday math to specialized conversions
      and unit work. Free online calculators that run entirely in your browser.
  - name: Editors
    description: >-
      Edit and transform text, code, and images with quick, focused editors that
      run entirely in your browser — nothing to install, and no sign-up needed.
  - name: Utilities
    description: >-
      Everyday developer and web utilities — DNS and IP lookups, redirect and
      certificate checkers, and other quick diagnostics. Free and
      privacy-friendly.
  - name: Account
    description: Your key's allowance, limits and usage history.
paths:
  /v1/tool/vo2-max-estimator-calculator:
    post:
      tags:
        - Calculators
      summary: VO2 Max Estimator Calculator
      description: >-
        Estimate your VO₂ max (maximal oxygen uptake, ml/kg/min) from a Cooper
        12-minute run, a 1.5-mile run, a YMCA 3-minute step test, or your
        resting heart rate (Uth–Sørensen). Also shows your fitness category by
        age and sex plus five heart-rate training zones.


        [Try VO2 Max Estimator Calculator in your browser
        →](https://iotools.cloud/tool/vo2-max-estimator-calculator/)
      operationId: run_vo2_max_estimator_calculator
      requestBody:
        required: true
        content:
          application/json:
            schema:
              type: object
              properties:
                testMethod:
                  enum:
                    - cooper
                    - mile15
                    - ymca
                    - uth
                  description: Test Method
                age:
                  type: number
                  description: Age (years)
                  minimum: 10
                  maximum: 100
                sex:
                  enum:
                    - male
                    - female
                  description: Sex
                restingHr:
                  type: number
                  description: Resting HR (BPM)
                  minimum: 30
                  maximum: 120
                cooperDistance:
                  type: number
                  description: Distance run in 12 min (m)
                  minimum: 500
                  maximum: 5000
                mileMinutes:
                  type: number
                  description: 1.5-mile time — Minutes
                  minimum: 5
                  maximum: 30
                mileSeconds:
                  type: number
                  description: 1.5-mile time — Seconds
                  minimum: 0
                  maximum: 59
                ymcaRecoveryHr:
                  type: number
                  description: 1-min recovery HR (BPM)
                  minimum: 50
                  maximum: 220
              required:
                - age
                - restingHr
            examples:
              cooper_12_minute_run_2400_m_male_age_30:
                summary: Cooper 12-minute run — 2400 m, male, age 30
                value:
                  testMethod: cooper
                  age: '30'
                  sex: male
                  restingHr: '60'
                  cooperDistance: '2400'
              1_5_mile_run_12_30_male_age_30:
                summary: 1.5-mile run — 12:30, male, age 30
                value:
                  testMethod: mile15
                  age: '30'
                  sex: male
                  restingHr: '60'
                  mileMinutes: '12'
                  mileSeconds: '30'
              ymca_step_test_recovery_hr_120_female_age_45:
                summary: YMCA step test — recovery HR 120, female, age 45
                value:
                  testMethod: ymca
                  age: '45'
                  sex: female
                  restingHr: '65'
                  ymcaRecoveryHr: '120'
              uth_s_rensen_resting_hr_50_male_age_40:
                summary: Uth–Sørensen — resting HR 50, male, age 40
                value:
                  testMethod: uth
                  age: '40'
                  sex: male
                  restingHr: '50'
      responses:
        '200':
          description: Tool output
          content:
            application/json:
              examples:
                cooper_12_minute_run_2400_m_male_age_30:
                  summary: Cooper 12-minute run — 2400 m, male, age 30
                  value:
                    tool: vo2-max-estimator-calculator
                    tool_version: 1.0.1
                    outputs:
                      summary:
                        - metric: VO₂ Max
                          value: 42.4 ml/kg/min
                        - metric: Fitness Category
                          value: Good
                        - metric: Test Method
                          value: Cooper 12-minute run
                        - metric: Age Group
                          value: 30–39
                        - metric: Sex
                          value: Male
                      norms:
                        - age: 20–29
                          poor: 0–37
                          fair: 38–43
                          good: 44–51
                          excellent: 52–56
                          superior: 57+
                        - age: 30–39
                          poor: 0–33
                          fair: 34–39
                          good: 40–47 (you)
                          excellent: 48–51
                          superior: 52+
                        - age: 40–49
                          poor: 0–29
                          fair: 30–35
                          good: 36–43
                          excellent: 44–47
                          superior: 48+
                        - age: 50–59
                          poor: 0–24
                          fair: 25–31
                          good: 32–39
                          excellent: 40–43
                          superior: 44+
                        - age: 60+
                          poor: 0–20
                          fair: 21–26
                          good: 27–35
                          excellent: 36–39
                          superior: 40+
                      zones:
                        - zone: Zone 1 — Very Light
                          intensity-of-max-hr: 50–60%
                          bpm-range: 124–136 BPM
                          training-purpose: Recovery, warm-up, cool-down
                        - zone: Zone 2 — Light
                          intensity-of-max-hr: 60–70%
                          bpm-range: 136–149 BPM
                          training-purpose: Fat burn, base endurance
                        - zone: Zone 3 — Moderate
                          intensity-of-max-hr: 70–80%
                          bpm-range: 149–162 BPM
                          training-purpose: Aerobic capacity, stamina
                        - zone: Zone 4 — Hard
                          intensity-of-max-hr: 80–90%
                          bpm-range: 162–174 BPM
                          training-purpose: Lactate threshold, speed
                        - zone: Zone 5 — Maximum
                          intensity-of-max-hr: 90–100%
                          bpm-range: 174–187 BPM
                          training-purpose: VO₂ max, peak power
                      interpretation: >-
                        A VO₂ max of 42.4 ml/kg/min is above average for your
                        age group (male, age 30). Based on the Cooper 12-minute
                        run.


                        Training tip: Mix two Zone 2 base sessions with one
                        VO₂-max interval workout and one tempo session each week
                        to keep improving.


                        Estimated values are not a substitute for a graded
                        exercise test in a clinical setting. Consult a physician
                        before starting a new exercise programme.
                    credits_used: 3
                    credits_remaining: null
                1_5_mile_run_12_30_male_age_30:
                  summary: 1.5-mile run — 12:30, male, age 30
                  value:
                    tool: vo2-max-estimator-calculator
                    tool_version: 1.0.1
                    outputs:
                      summary:
                        - metric: VO₂ Max
                          value: 42.1 ml/kg/min
                        - metric: Fitness Category
                          value: Good
                        - metric: Test Method
                          value: 1.5-mile run
                        - metric: Age Group
                          value: 30–39
                        - metric: Sex
                          value: Male
                      norms:
                        - age: 20–29
                          poor: 0–37
                          fair: 38–43
                          good: 44–51
                          excellent: 52–56
                          superior: 57+
                        - age: 30–39
                          poor: 0–33
                          fair: 34–39
                          good: 40–47 (you)
                          excellent: 48–51
                          superior: 52+
                        - age: 40–49
                          poor: 0–29
                          fair: 30–35
                          good: 36–43
                          excellent: 44–47
                          superior: 48+
                        - age: 50–59
                          poor: 0–24
                          fair: 25–31
                          good: 32–39
                          excellent: 40–43
                          superior: 44+
                        - age: 60+
                          poor: 0–20
                          fair: 21–26
                          good: 27–35
                          excellent: 36–39
                          superior: 40+
                      zones:
                        - zone: Zone 1 — Very Light
                          intensity-of-max-hr: 50–60%
                          bpm-range: 124–136 BPM
                          training-purpose: Recovery, warm-up, cool-down
                        - zone: Zone 2 — Light
                          intensity-of-max-hr: 60–70%
                          bpm-range: 136–149 BPM
                          training-purpose: Fat burn, base endurance
                        - zone: Zone 3 — Moderate
                          intensity-of-max-hr: 70–80%
                          bpm-range: 149–162 BPM
                          training-purpose: Aerobic capacity, stamina
                        - zone: Zone 4 — Hard
                          intensity-of-max-hr: 80–90%
                          bpm-range: 162–174 BPM
                          training-purpose: Lactate threshold, speed
                        - zone: Zone 5 — Maximum
                          intensity-of-max-hr: 90–100%
                          bpm-range: 174–187 BPM
                          training-purpose: VO₂ max, peak power
                      interpretation: >-
                        A VO₂ max of 42.1 ml/kg/min is above average for your
                        age group (male, age 30). Based on the 1.5-mile run.


                        Training tip: Mix two Zone 2 base sessions with one
                        VO₂-max interval workout and one tempo session each week
                        to keep improving.


                        Estimated values are not a substitute for a graded
                        exercise test in a clinical setting. Consult a physician
                        before starting a new exercise programme.
                    credits_used: 3
                    credits_remaining: null
                ymca_step_test_recovery_hr_120_female_age_45:
                  summary: YMCA step test — recovery HR 120, female, age 45
                  value:
                    tool: vo2-max-estimator-calculator
                    tool_version: 1.0.1
                    outputs:
                      summary:
                        - metric: VO₂ Max
                          value: 43.6 ml/kg/min
                        - metric: Fitness Category
                          value: Superior
                        - metric: Test Method
                          value: YMCA 3-minute step test
                        - metric: Age Group
                          value: 40–49
                        - metric: Sex
                          value: Female
                      norms:
                        - age: 20–29
                          poor: 0–27
                          fair: 28–33
                          good: 34–41
                          excellent: 42–46
                          superior: 47+
                        - age: 30–39
                          poor: 0–26
                          fair: 27–32
                          good: 33–39
                          excellent: 40–44
                          superior: 45+
                        - age: 40–49
                          poor: 0–24
                          fair: 25–30
                          good: 31–37
                          excellent: 38–41
                          superior: 42+ (you)
                        - age: 50–59
                          poor: 0–20
                          fair: 21–26
                          good: 27–33
                          excellent: 34–37
                          superior: 38+
                        - age: 60+
                          poor: 0–18
                          fair: 19–23
                          good: 24–30
                          excellent: 31–34
                          superior: 35+
                      zones:
                        - zone: Zone 1 — Very Light
                          intensity-of-max-hr: 50–60%
                          bpm-range: 121–132 BPM
                          training-purpose: Recovery, warm-up, cool-down
                        - zone: Zone 2 — Light
                          intensity-of-max-hr: 60–70%
                          bpm-range: 132–143 BPM
                          training-purpose: Fat burn, base endurance
                        - zone: Zone 3 — Moderate
                          intensity-of-max-hr: 70–80%
                          bpm-range: 143–154 BPM
                          training-purpose: Aerobic capacity, stamina
                        - zone: Zone 4 — Hard
                          intensity-of-max-hr: 80–90%
                          bpm-range: 154–165 BPM
                          training-purpose: Lactate threshold, speed
                        - zone: Zone 5 — Maximum
                          intensity-of-max-hr: 90–100%
                          bpm-range: 165–177 BPM
                          training-purpose: VO₂ max, peak power
                      interpretation: >-
                        A VO₂ max of 43.6 ml/kg/min places you among the most
                        aerobically fit for your age group (female, age 45).
                        Based on the YMCA 3-minute step test.


                        Training tip: Focus on race-specific quality, recovery,
                        and sleep — gains at this level are small but come from
                        periodisation and consistency.


                        Estimated values are not a substitute for a graded
                        exercise test in a clinical setting. Consult a physician
                        before starting a new exercise programme.
                    credits_used: 3
                    credits_remaining: null
                uth_s_rensen_resting_hr_50_male_age_40:
                  summary: Uth–Sørensen — resting HR 50, male, age 40
                  value:
                    tool: vo2-max-estimator-calculator
                    tool_version: 1.0.1
                    outputs:
                      summary:
                        - metric: VO₂ Max
                          value: 55.1 ml/kg/min
                        - metric: Fitness Category
                          value: Superior
                        - metric: Test Method
                          value: Uth–Sørensen (resting HR)
                        - metric: Age Group
                          value: 40–49
                        - metric: Sex
                          value: Male
                      norms:
                        - age: 20–29
                          poor: 0–37
                          fair: 38–43
                          good: 44–51
                          excellent: 52–56
                          superior: 57+
                        - age: 30–39
                          poor: 0–33
                          fair: 34–39
                          good: 40–47
                          excellent: 48–51
                          superior: 52+
                        - age: 40–49
                          poor: 0–29
                          fair: 30–35
                          good: 36–43
                          excellent: 44–47
                          superior: 48+ (you)
                        - age: 50–59
                          poor: 0–24
                          fair: 25–31
                          good: 32–39
                          excellent: 40–43
                          superior: 44+
                        - age: 60+
                          poor: 0–20
                          fair: 21–26
                          good: 27–35
                          excellent: 36–39
                          superior: 40+
                      zones:
                        - zone: Zone 1 — Very Light
                          intensity-of-max-hr: 50–60%
                          bpm-range: 115–128 BPM
                          training-purpose: Recovery, warm-up, cool-down
                        - zone: Zone 2 — Light
                          intensity-of-max-hr: 60–70%
                          bpm-range: 128–141 BPM
                          training-purpose: Fat burn, base endurance
                        - zone: Zone 3 — Moderate
                          intensity-of-max-hr: 70–80%
                          bpm-range: 141–154 BPM
                          training-purpose: Aerobic capacity, stamina
                        - zone: Zone 4 — Hard
                          intensity-of-max-hr: 80–90%
                          bpm-range: 154–167 BPM
                          training-purpose: Lactate threshold, speed
                        - zone: Zone 5 — Maximum
                          intensity-of-max-hr: 90–100%
                          bpm-range: 167–180 BPM
                          training-purpose: VO₂ max, peak power
                      interpretation: >-
                        A VO₂ max of 55.1 ml/kg/min places you among the most
                        aerobically fit for your age group (male, age 40). Based
                        on the Uth–Sørensen (resting HR).


                        Training tip: Focus on race-specific quality, recovery,
                        and sleep — gains at this level are small but come from
                        periodisation and consistency.


                        Estimated values are not a substitute for a graded
                        exercise test in a clinical setting. Consult a physician
                        before starting a new exercise programme.
                    credits_used: 3
                    credits_remaining: null
              schema:
                type: object
                required:
                  - tool
                  - tool_version
                  - outputs
                  - credits_used
                  - credits_remaining
                properties:
                  outputs:
                    type: object
                    properties:
                      summary:
                        type: array
                        description: Result
                        items:
                          type: object
                          properties:
                            metric:
                              type: string
                              description: Metric
                            value:
                              type: string
                              description: Value
                        x-iotools-columns:
                          - metric
                          - value
                      norms:
                        type: array
                        description: Fitness Category by Age & Sex
                        items:
                          type: object
                          properties:
                            age:
                              type: string
                              description: Age
                            poor:
                              type: string
                              description: Poor
                            fair:
                              type: string
                              description: Fair
                            good:
                              type: string
                              description: Good
                            excellent:
                              type: string
                              description: Excellent
                            superior:
                              type: string
                              description: Superior
                        x-iotools-columns:
                          - age
                          - poor
                          - fair
                          - good
                          - excellent
                          - superior
                      zones:
                        type: array
                        description: Heart Rate Training Zones
                        items:
                          type: object
                          properties:
                            zone:
                              type: string
                              description: Zone
                            intensity-of-max-hr:
                              type: string
                              description: Intensity (% of Max HR)
                            bpm-range:
                              type: string
                              description: BPM Range
                            training-purpose:
                              type: string
                              description: Training Purpose
                        x-iotools-columns:
                          - zone
                          - intensity-of-max-hr
                          - bpm-range
                          - training-purpose
                      interpretation:
                        type: string
                        description: Interpretation
                  tool:
                    type: string
                    description: The tool's slug, echoing the {slug} in the request path.
                  tool_version:
                    type: string
                    description: Output-contract version for this tool.
                  credits_used:
                    type: integer
                    description: >-
                      Credits this call consumed, after any settlement refund. 0
                      when metering is disabled.
                  credits_remaining:
                    type:
                      - integer
                      - 'null'
                    description: >-
                      Credits left in the current monthly allowance, or null
                      when metering is disabled.
                  request_id:
                    type: string
                    description: Correlation id, also sent as x-request-id.
        '400':
          $ref: '#/components/responses/ValidationError'
        '401':
          $ref: '#/components/responses/Unauthorized'
        '402':
          $ref: '#/components/responses/InsufficientCredits'
        '403':
          $ref: '#/components/responses/ToolNotAllowed'
        '404':
          $ref: '#/components/responses/ToolNotFound'
        '413':
          $ref: '#/components/responses/PayloadTooLarge'
        '429':
          $ref: '#/components/responses/RateLimited'
        '500':
          $ref: '#/components/responses/ToolFailed'
        '503':
          $ref: '#/components/responses/ToolDisabled'
      security:
        - bearerAuth: []
components:
  responses:
    ValidationError:
      description: Invalid request.
      content:
        application/problem+json:
          schema:
            type: object
            description: >-
              RFC 9457 problem document, served as application/problem+json.
              Branch on `code`; `title` is human prose and may be reworded
              without notice. Some failures add extension members — `fields` on
              validation errors, `retry_after` on 429s,
              `credits_used`/`credits_remaining` on billing-adjacent failures —
              documented on the responses that carry them.
            required:
              - type
              - title
              - status
              - code
            properties:
              type:
                type: string
                format: uri
                description: Stable documentation URI for this failure.
                examples:
                  - https://iotools.cloud/docs/errors/validation_error
              title:
                type: string
                description: Short human-readable summary of the failure.
                examples:
                  - Invalid request
              status:
                type: integer
                description: HTTP status code, matching the response's own status.
              code:
                type: string
                description: >-
                  Stable machine-readable error code — branch on this, not
                  `title`.
                enum:
                  - validation_error
              detail:
                type: string
                description: Human explanation of this occurrence.
              request_id:
                type: string
                description: Correlation id, also sent as x-request-id.
              fields:
                type:
                  - object
                  - string
                additionalProperties:
                  type: string
                description: >-
                  What failed: a map of field name → message. Absent when the
                  body itself is malformed; a single string when the failure
                  isn't tied to one field.
          example:
            type: https://iotools.cloud/docs/errors/validation_error
            title: Invalid request
            status: 400
            code: validation_error
            detail: One or more inputs are invalid — see `fields`.
            request_id: e4042b29-8f1e-4c7a-9b52-6f0d1a3c7e11
            fields:
              inputString: Required
    Unauthorized:
      description: Missing or invalid API key.
      content:
        application/problem+json:
          schema:
            type: object
            description: >-
              RFC 9457 problem document, served as application/problem+json.
              Branch on `code`; `title` is human prose and may be reworded
              without notice. Some failures add extension members — `fields` on
              validation errors, `retry_after` on 429s,
              `credits_used`/`credits_remaining` on billing-adjacent failures —
              documented on the responses that carry them.
            required:
              - type
              - title
              - status
              - code
            properties:
              type:
                type: string
                format: uri
                description: Stable documentation URI for this failure.
                examples:
                  - https://iotools.cloud/docs/errors/invalid_api_key
              title:
                type: string
                description: Short human-readable summary of the failure.
                examples:
                  - Invalid API key
              status:
                type: integer
                description: HTTP status code, matching the response's own status.
              code:
                type: string
                description: >-
                  Stable machine-readable error code — branch on this, not
                  `title`.
                enum:
                  - invalid_api_key
              detail:
                type: string
                description: Human explanation of this occurrence.
              request_id:
                type: string
                description: Correlation id, also sent as x-request-id.
          example:
            type: https://iotools.cloud/docs/errors/invalid_api_key
            title: Invalid API key
            status: 401
            code: invalid_api_key
            detail: 'Provide ''Authorization: Bearer <key>''.'
            request_id: e4042b29-8f1e-4c7a-9b52-6f0d1a3c7e11
    InsufficientCredits:
      description: Monthly credit allowance exhausted.
      content:
        application/problem+json:
          schema:
            type: object
            description: >-
              RFC 9457 problem document, served as application/problem+json.
              Branch on `code`; `title` is human prose and may be reworded
              without notice. Some failures add extension members — `fields` on
              validation errors, `retry_after` on 429s,
              `credits_used`/`credits_remaining` on billing-adjacent failures —
              documented on the responses that carry them.
            required:
              - type
              - title
              - status
              - code
            properties:
              type:
                type: string
                format: uri
                description: Stable documentation URI for this failure.
                examples:
                  - https://iotools.cloud/docs/errors/insufficient_credits
              title:
                type: string
                description: Short human-readable summary of the failure.
                examples:
                  - Insufficient credits
              status:
                type: integer
                description: HTTP status code, matching the response's own status.
              code:
                type: string
                description: >-
                  Stable machine-readable error code — branch on this, not
                  `title`.
                enum:
                  - insufficient_credits
              detail:
                type: string
                description: Human explanation of this occurrence.
              request_id:
                type: string
                description: Correlation id, also sent as x-request-id.
              credits_used:
                type: integer
                description: Always 0 — a refused call charges nothing.
              credits_remaining:
                type: integer
                description: Credits left in the allowance — fewer than this call costs.
          example:
            type: https://iotools.cloud/docs/errors/insufficient_credits
            title: Insufficient credits
            status: 402
            code: insufficient_credits
            detail: This call costs 1 credit and 0 remain in this month's allowance.
            request_id: e4042b29-8f1e-4c7a-9b52-6f0d1a3c7e11
            credits_used: 0
            credits_remaining: 0
    ToolNotAllowed:
      description: Tool exists but has no API surface.
      content:
        application/problem+json:
          schema:
            type: object
            description: >-
              RFC 9457 problem document, served as application/problem+json.
              Branch on `code`; `title` is human prose and may be reworded
              without notice. Some failures add extension members — `fields` on
              validation errors, `retry_after` on 429s,
              `credits_used`/`credits_remaining` on billing-adjacent failures —
              documented on the responses that carry them.
            required:
              - type
              - title
              - status
              - code
            properties:
              type:
                type: string
                format: uri
                description: Stable documentation URI for this failure.
                examples:
                  - https://iotools.cloud/docs/errors/tool_not_allowed
              title:
                type: string
                description: Short human-readable summary of the failure.
                examples:
                  - Tool not available over the API
              status:
                type: integer
                description: HTTP status code, matching the response's own status.
              code:
                type: string
                description: >-
                  Stable machine-readable error code — branch on this, not
                  `title`.
                enum:
                  - tool_not_allowed
              detail:
                type: string
                description: Human explanation of this occurrence.
              request_id:
                type: string
                description: Correlation id, also sent as x-request-id.
          example:
            type: https://iotools.cloud/docs/errors/tool_not_allowed
            title: Tool not available over the API
            status: 403
            code: tool_not_allowed
            detail: >-
              "Background Remover" is available on iotools.cloud but has no API
              endpoint.
            request_id: e4042b29-8f1e-4c7a-9b52-6f0d1a3c7e11
    ToolNotFound:
      description: No such tool.
      content:
        application/problem+json:
          schema:
            type: object
            description: >-
              RFC 9457 problem document, served as application/problem+json.
              Branch on `code`; `title` is human prose and may be reworded
              without notice. Some failures add extension members — `fields` on
              validation errors, `retry_after` on 429s,
              `credits_used`/`credits_remaining` on billing-adjacent failures —
              documented on the responses that carry them.
            required:
              - type
              - title
              - status
              - code
            properties:
              type:
                type: string
                format: uri
                description: Stable documentation URI for this failure.
                examples:
                  - https://iotools.cloud/docs/errors/tool_not_found
              title:
                type: string
                description: Short human-readable summary of the failure.
                examples:
                  - Tool not found
              status:
                type: integer
                description: HTTP status code, matching the response's own status.
              code:
                type: string
                description: >-
                  Stable machine-readable error code — branch on this, not
                  `title`.
                enum:
                  - tool_not_found
              detail:
                type: string
                description: Human explanation of this occurrence.
              request_id:
                type: string
                description: Correlation id, also sent as x-request-id.
          example:
            type: https://iotools.cloud/docs/errors/tool_not_found
            title: Tool not found
            status: 404
            code: tool_not_found
            detail: No tool with that slug. See GET /v1/tools/list.
            request_id: e4042b29-8f1e-4c7a-9b52-6f0d1a3c7e11
    PayloadTooLarge:
      description: Body too large.
      content:
        application/problem+json:
          schema:
            type: object
            description: >-
              RFC 9457 problem document, served as application/problem+json.
              Branch on `code`; `title` is human prose and may be reworded
              without notice. Some failures add extension members — `fields` on
              validation errors, `retry_after` on 429s,
              `credits_used`/`credits_remaining` on billing-adjacent failures —
              documented on the responses that carry them.
            required:
              - type
              - title
              - status
              - code
            properties:
              type:
                type: string
                format: uri
                description: Stable documentation URI for this failure.
                examples:
                  - https://iotools.cloud/docs/errors/payload_too_large
              title:
                type: string
                description: Short human-readable summary of the failure.
                examples:
                  - Payload too large
              status:
                type: integer
                description: HTTP status code, matching the response's own status.
              code:
                type: string
                description: >-
                  Stable machine-readable error code — branch on this, not
                  `title`.
                enum:
                  - payload_too_large
              detail:
                type: string
                description: Human explanation of this occurrence.
              request_id:
                type: string
                description: Correlation id, also sent as x-request-id.
          example:
            type: https://iotools.cloud/docs/errors/payload_too_large
            title: Payload too large
            status: 413
            code: payload_too_large
            detail: Request body exceeds this tool's size limit.
            request_id: e4042b29-8f1e-4c7a-9b52-6f0d1a3c7e11
    RateLimited:
      description: Per-minute rate limit exceeded.
      headers:
        Retry-After:
          description: Seconds to wait before retrying (RFC 9110 delta-seconds).
          schema:
            type: integer
      content:
        application/problem+json:
          schema:
            type: object
            description: >-
              RFC 9457 problem document, served as application/problem+json.
              Branch on `code`; `title` is human prose and may be reworded
              without notice. Some failures add extension members — `fields` on
              validation errors, `retry_after` on 429s,
              `credits_used`/`credits_remaining` on billing-adjacent failures —
              documented on the responses that carry them.
            required:
              - type
              - title
              - status
              - code
            properties:
              type:
                type: string
                format: uri
                description: Stable documentation URI for this failure.
                examples:
                  - https://iotools.cloud/docs/errors/rate_limited
              title:
                type: string
                description: Short human-readable summary of the failure.
                examples:
                  - Rate limit exceeded
              status:
                type: integer
                description: HTTP status code, matching the response's own status.
              code:
                type: string
                description: >-
                  Stable machine-readable error code — branch on this, not
                  `title`.
                enum:
                  - rate_limited
              detail:
                type: string
                description: Human explanation of this occurrence.
              request_id:
                type: string
                description: Correlation id, also sent as x-request-id.
              retry_after:
                type: integer
                description: >-
                  Seconds until the window resets — the same value as the
                  `Retry-After` header.
          example:
            type: https://iotools.cloud/docs/errors/rate_limited
            title: Rate limit exceeded
            status: 429
            code: rate_limited
            detail: Too many requests. Retry in 30s.
            request_id: e4042b29-8f1e-4c7a-9b52-6f0d1a3c7e11
            retry_after: 30
    ToolFailed:
      description: Tool failed to run.
      content:
        application/problem+json:
          schema:
            type: object
            description: >-
              RFC 9457 problem document, served as application/problem+json.
              Branch on `code`; `title` is human prose and may be reworded
              without notice. Some failures add extension members — `fields` on
              validation errors, `retry_after` on 429s,
              `credits_used`/`credits_remaining` on billing-adjacent failures —
              documented on the responses that carry them.
            required:
              - type
              - title
              - status
              - code
            properties:
              type:
                type: string
                format: uri
                description: Stable documentation URI for this failure.
                examples:
                  - https://iotools.cloud/docs/errors/processing_error
                  - https://iotools.cloud/docs/errors/internal_error
              title:
                type: string
                description: Short human-readable summary of the failure.
                examples:
                  - Tool failed to run
                  - Internal error
              status:
                type: integer
                description: HTTP status code, matching the response's own status.
              code:
                type: string
                description: >-
                  Stable machine-readable error code — branch on this, not
                  `title`.
                enum:
                  - processing_error
                  - internal_error
              detail:
                type: string
                description: Human explanation of this occurrence.
              request_id:
                type: string
                description: Correlation id, also sent as x-request-id.
              credits_used:
                type: integer
                description: >-
                  Always 0 on `processing_error` — a failed run is refunded,
                  floor included.
              credits_remaining:
                type: integer
                description: >-
                  Credits left after the refund. Absent when metering is
                  disabled.
          example:
            type: https://iotools.cloud/docs/errors/processing_error
            title: Tool failed to run
            status: 500
            code: processing_error
            detail: The tool failed to run. Please try again.
            request_id: e4042b29-8f1e-4c7a-9b52-6f0d1a3c7e11
            credits_used: 0
    ToolDisabled:
      description: Tool temporarily disabled.
      content:
        application/problem+json:
          schema:
            type: object
            description: >-
              RFC 9457 problem document, served as application/problem+json.
              Branch on `code`; `title` is human prose and may be reworded
              without notice. Some failures add extension members — `fields` on
              validation errors, `retry_after` on 429s,
              `credits_used`/`credits_remaining` on billing-adjacent failures —
              documented on the responses that carry them.
            required:
              - type
              - title
              - status
              - code
            properties:
              type:
                type: string
                format: uri
                description: Stable documentation URI for this failure.
                examples:
                  - https://iotools.cloud/docs/errors/tool_disabled
                  - https://iotools.cloud/docs/errors/api_unconfigured
              title:
                type: string
                description: Short human-readable summary of the failure.
                examples:
                  - Tool temporarily disabled
                  - API not configured
              status:
                type: integer
                description: HTTP status code, matching the response's own status.
              code:
                type: string
                description: >-
                  Stable machine-readable error code — branch on this, not
                  `title`.
                enum:
                  - tool_disabled
                  - api_unconfigured
              detail:
                type: string
                description: Human explanation of this occurrence.
              request_id:
                type: string
                description: Correlation id, also sent as x-request-id.
          example:
            type: https://iotools.cloud/docs/errors/tool_disabled
            title: Tool temporarily disabled
            status: 503
            code: tool_disabled
            detail: This tool is temporarily unavailable. Try again shortly.
            request_id: e4042b29-8f1e-4c7a-9b52-6f0d1a3c7e11
  securitySchemes:
    bearerAuth:
      type: http
      scheme: bearer
      bearerFormat: iot_live_…

````